天主教法典 (繁體中文) CODE OF CANON LAW
1364 妨害信仰及教會統一罪;
DELICTS AGAINST RELIGION AND THE UNITY OF THE CHURCH
694-696, 703 修會開除;
DISMISSAL OF MEMBERS
747-754 教會訓導職
THE TEACHING FUNCTION OF THE CHURCH LIBER
中文
http://www.vatican.va/chinese/cic_zh.htm
English
http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/_INDEX.HTM
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天 主 教 法 典 CODE OF CANON LAW
第 六 卷 教會刑法
第 二 編 罪 罰 分 則
PART II.
PENALTIES FOR INDIVIDUAL DELICTS
第 一 題 妨害信仰及教會統一罪
TITLE I.
DELICTS AGAINST RELIGION AND THE UNITY OF THE CHURCH (Cann. 1364 - 1369)
1364 條 - 1 項 - 背教人，異端人或裂教人受自科絕罰，亦應遵守 194 條 1 項 2 款的規定；其為聖職人員者，得加處 1336 條 1 項 1、2 及 3 款所規定的罰。
Can. 1364 §1. Without prejudice to the prescript of ⇒ can. 194, §1, n. 2, an apostate from the faith, a heretic, or a schismatic incurs a latae sententiae excommunication; in addition, a cleric can be punished with the penalties mentioned in ⇒ can. 1336, §1, nn. 1, 2, and 3.
2 項 - 因持久固執及惡表重大而有急需時，得加處其他罰，並得撤 銷聖職身分。
§2. If contumacy of long duration or the gravity of scandal demands it, other penalties can be added, including dismissal from the clerical state.
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天 主 教 法 典 CODE OF CANON LAW
第 二 卷 天主子民
第 三 編 獻身生活會及使徒生活團
第 一 組 獻身生活會
第 一 題 獻身生活會之共同規則
第 二 題 修 會
第 六 章 脫離修會
第 三 節 開 除
Art. 3.
DISMISSAL OF MEMBERS
694 條 - 1 項 - 會士有以下情況者，應視為事實上被開除：
1° 顯然背棄天主教信仰者；
2° 已結婚者，或即使僅以民法方式試圖結婚者。
2 項 - 當此情況，高級上司與其參議會應毫無延緩地收集證據，宣 佈事實，使開除具備法定效力。
Can. 694 §1. A member must be held as ipso facto dismissed from an institute who:
1/ has defected notoriously from the Catholic faith;
2/ has contracted marriage or attempted it, even only civilly.
§2. In these cases, after the proofs have been collected, the major superior with the council is to issue without any delay a declaration of fact so that the dismissal is established juridically.
695 條 - 1 項 - 會士因 1397，1398 及 1395 各條的罪行應當被開 除。但關於 1395 條 2 項的罪行，上司認定開除並非絕對必要，而且能 以別種方式指引會士悔改，恢復正義，賠補惡表。
2 項 - 當此情況，高級上司在收集犯罪事實及責任後，向應開除的 會士提出控訴並加證明，但同時給與會士為自己辯護的權利。一切案 件由高級上司和書記簽 字，連同會士簽字的書面答辯一併轉呈給最 高上司。
Can. 695 §1. A member must be dismissed for the delicts mentioned in cann. ⇒ 1397, ⇒ 1398, and ⇒ 1395, unless in the delicts mentioned in ⇒ can. 1395, §2, the superior decides that dismissal is not completely necessary and that correction of the member, restitution of justice, and reparation of scandal can be resolved sufficiently in another way.
§2. In these cases, after the proofs regarding the facts and imputability have been collected, the major superior is to make known the accusation and proofs to the member to be dismissed, giving the member the opportunity for self-defense. All the acts, signed by the major superior and a notary, together with the responses of the member, put in writing and signed by that member, are to be transmitted to the supreme moderator.
696 條 - 1 項 - 會士也可因其他原因被開除，只要原因是重大的， 外在的，負罪責的，依法證明的，例如：經常疏忽獻身生活的責任； 一再違反聖願；在重大事故上固執不服從上司合法命令；因會士有罪 的行動方式而立重大惡表者。固執支持或傳佈被教會訓導權處罰的道 理；公開隨從唯物主義，或無神主義所污染的思想；違法離開會院如665 條 2 項所提超過六個月者;其他類似由本修會規定的嚴重原因.
Can. 696 §1. A member can also be dismissed for other causes provided that they are grave, external, imputable, and juridically proven such as: habitual neglect of the obligations of consecrated life; repeated violations of the sacred bonds; stubborn disobedience to the legitimate prescripts of superiors in a grave matter; grave scandal arising from the culpable behavior of the member; stubborn upholding or diffusion of doctrines condemned by the magisterium of the Church; public adherence to ideologies infected by materialism or atheism; the illegitimate absence mentioned in ⇒ can. 665, §2, lasting six months; other causes of similar gravity which the proper law of the institute may determine.
703 條 - 遇有會士立嚴重惡表，使修會面臨外在或極嚴重的損害 時，高級上司，或急不容緩時，地區上司經參議會同意，立即將該會 士從會院驅逐。如有需要，高級上司應依法律規定進行開除程式，或 將事件呈遞宗座。
Can. 703 In the case of grave external scandal or of most grave imminent harm to the institute, a member can be expelled immediately from a religious house by the major superior or, if there is danger in delay, by the local superior with the consent of the council. If it is necessary, the major superior is to take care to begin a process of dismissal according to the norm of law or is to refer the matter to the Apostolic See.
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天 主 教 法 典 CODE OF CANON LAW
第 三 卷 教會訓導職
BOOK III.
THE TEACHING FUNCTION OF THE CHURCH LIBER
747 條 - 1 項 - 主基督曾將信仰寶庫託給教會，使其因聖神的 助佑，將啟示的真理聖善的保全，精密的探究，忠信的宣報和闡 明。教會有天賦的義務和權利，得應用本身所有的社會傳播工 具，不受任何人間權力的限制，向全人類宣講福音。
2 項 - 無論在何時何地，教會也有權宣報有關社會秩序的倫理 原則，對人的事務，在人格的基本權益或人靈的得救有要求時， 亦有權審斷。
Can. 747 §1. The Church, to which Christ the Lord has entrusted the deposit of faith so that with the assistance of the Holy Spirit it might protect the revealed truth reverently, examine it more closely, and proclaim and expound it faithfully, has the duty and innate right, independent of any human power whatsoever, to preach the gospel to all peoples, also using the means of social communication proper to it.
§2. It belongs to the Church always and everywhere to announce moral principles, even about the social order, and to render judgment concerning any human affairs insofar as the fundamental rights of the human person or the salvation of souls requires it.
748 條 - 1 項 - 人人都應該追求一切有關天主和其教會的真 理，在認識後應信從之，且因神律有遵守的義務並享權利。
2 項 - 任何人不得強迫別人違背自己的良心而信從天主教的信仰。
Can. 748 §1. All persons are bound to seek the truth in those things which regard God and his Church and by virtue of divine law are bound by the obligation and possess the right of embracing and observing the truth which they have come to know.
§2. No one is ever permitted to coerce persons to embrace the Catholic faith against their conscience.
749 條 - 1 項 - 教宗以其做所有基督信徒的最高牧人和導師的 身份，有權在信仰上堅強眾弟兄，當用職權以決定的行動宣佈有 關當信從的信仰或道德教義時，享有在訓導上不錯的特恩。
2 項 - 主教們在大公會議聚會，以信仰和道德的導師和法官的 身份，為普世教會決定地宣告當信從的信仰和道德的教義時；或 是散居世界各地之主教，彼此之間並與伯鐸的繼承人保持著共融 的連繫，與教宗一致確切教導信仰及道德，而共同決定某一信條 時，主教們在訓導上亦享有不錯特恩。
3 項 - 任何教義，除非是明顯地如此決定的，不得視為以不錯 特恩所決定者。
Can. 749 §1. By virtue of his office, the Supreme Pontiff possesses infallibility in teaching when as the supreme pastor and teacher of all the Christian faithful, who strengthens his brothers and sisters in the faith, he proclaims by definitive act that a doctrine of faith or morals is to be held.
§2. The college of bishops also possesses infallibility in teaching when the bishops gathered together in an ecumenical council exercise the magisterium as teachers and judges of faith and morals who declare for the universal Church that a doctrine of faith or morals is to be held definitively; or when dispersed throughout the world but preserving the bond of communion among themselves and with the successor of Peter and teaching authentically together with the Roman Pontiff matters of faith or morals, they agree that a particular proposition is to be held definitively.
§3. No doctrine is understood as defined infallibly unless this is manifestly evident.
750 條 - 天主所啟示和天主教會所頒定的當信的教義為：包含 在以文字記載或是傳授下的天主聖言內，即託付給教會信仰寶庫 內。同時由教會隆重的訓導，或是由通常的和普世的訓導而提供 的天主啟示的所有真理，對這一切信友們應在神聖訓導權的領導 下，共同表示信從，因此人人應避與此相反的教義。
Can. 750 §1. A person must believe with divine and Catholic faith all those things contained in the word of God, written or handed on, that is, in the one deposit of faith entrusted to the Church, and at the same time proposed as divinely revealed either by the solemn magisterium of the Church or by its ordinary and universal magisterium which is manifested by the common adherence of the Christian faithful under the leadership of the sacred magisterium; therefore all are bound to avoid any doctrines whatsoever contrary to them.
§2. Each and every thing which is proposed definitively by the magisterium of the Church concerning the doctrine of faith and morals, that is, each and every thing which is required to safeguard reverently and to expound faithfully the same deposit of faith, is also to be firm-ly embraced and retained; therefore, one who rejects those propositions which are to be held definitively is opposed to the doctrine of the Catholic Church.
751 條 - 所謂異端，是在領洗後，固執地否認某端天主所啟示 和教會所定該信的真理，或是固執地懷疑這端道理；所謂背教， 是整個拒絕基督宗教的信仰；所謂裂教，是不願服從教宗或是不 願與隸屬教宗的教會成員共融。
Can. 751 Heresy is the obstinate denial or obstinate doubt after the reception of baptism of some truth which is to be believed by divine and Catholic faith; apostasy is the total repudiation of the Christian faith; schism is the refusal of submission to the Supreme Pontiff or of communion with the members of the Church subject to him.
752 條 - 凡是教宗或是世界主教團所宣佈的有關信仰和道德的 教義，只要是施行真正的訓導權，雖然無意以決定的行為加以宣 佈，信徒即使不做信仰的隨從，也應該加以理智和意志的崇敬； 因此信友應該避免與此道理不合者。
Can. 752 Although not an assent of faith, a religious submission of the intellect and will must be given to a doctrine which the Supreme Pontiff or the college of bishops declares concerning faith or morals when they exercise the authentic magisterium, even if they do not intend to proclaim it by definitive act; therefore, the Christian faithful are to take care to avoid those things which do not agree with it.
753 條 - 與世界主教團的元首和其成員共融的眾位主教，無論 是單獨的，或是在主教會議中，或是在地區會議內聚會，雖然不 享有訓導的不錯特恩，但對所管信友卻是信仰的真正導師和教 師；信友應該以宗教的熱誠服從自己主教的真正訓導。
Can. 753 Although the bishops who are in communion with the head and members of the college, whether individually or joined together in conferences of bishops or in particular councils, do not possess infallibility in teaching, they are authentic teachers and instructors of the faith for the Christian faithful entrusted to their care; the Christian faithful are bound to adhere with religious submission of mind to the authentic magisterium of their bishops.
754 條 - 所有信友都有義務遵守教會合法權力所規定的，有關 闡明教義和糾正錯謬意見的憲章和法令，特別是教宗或是世界主 教團所頒佈的。
Can. 754 All the Christian faithful are obliged to observe the constitutions and decrees which the legitimate authority of the Church issues in order to propose doctrine and to proscribe erroneous opinions, particularly those which the Roman Pontiff or the college of bishops puts forth.
